性做久久久久久坡多野结衣-性做久久久久久久久浪潮-性欲影院-性影院-国产精品线路一线路二-国产精品兄妹在线观看麻豆

文獻(xiàn)名： Effect of Potassium Periodate Oxidizer on Germanium Chemical Mechanical Planarization Using Fumed Silica as Abrasive

 

作者： Apeksha Gupta, R. Manivannan and S. Noyel Victoria

Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India

 

摘要：The chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) removal rate (RR) of germanium using potassium periodate as oxidizer with fumed silica based slurries have been investigated. Static etch rate (ER) of germanium was performed as a function of solution temperature, pH and concentration of potassium periodate. Change in the enthalpy (ΔHact) and entropy (ΔSact) of activation for the Ge in the proposed oxidizer was found to be 11.029 kJ/mol and −271.06 J/mol.K, respectively. The values suggest that the dissolution of germanium in the proposed oxidizer is endothermic in nature and the etching is controlled by activation complex. The effect of slurry pH, KIO4 concentration, turntable speed and down pressure on Ge RR were studied. ER and RR of Ge was found to increase with pH. In the absence of oxidizer, polishing of germanium with 3 wt% fumed silica showed almost zero removal. With the addition of 1 wt% KIO4 + 0.1M KOH to 3 wt% fumed silica slurry, significant increase in the RR of Ge was observed for complete range of pH. Ge is oxidized to form germanium dioxide in the presence of KIO4, which on subsequent oxidation resulted in the formation of soluble species.