CD146, also known as melanoma cell adhesion molecule （MCAM）, hemopoietic cell adhesion molecule （HEMCAM）, MUC18, S-Endo1, or A32 antigen, is a highly glycosylated type I transmembrane protein and a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. It is primarily expressed on endothelial cells and plays a crucial role in cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. CD146 is involved in various physiological processes, such as embryonic development and tissue maintenance, and its abnormal expression is associated with diseases like cancer and inflammatory disorders. It can act as a receptor for several ligands, including laminin 421, galectin-3, and S100A8/A9, and is also a co-receptor for pro-angiogenic factor receptors like VEGFR2 and PDGFR-β.